% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2309.08172", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2309.08172"}}
@misc{arxiv_2309_08172,
  title = {{LASER: LLM Agent with State-Space Exploration for Web Navigation}},
  author = {{Kaixin Ma} and {Hongming Zhang} and {Hongwei Wang} and {Xiaoman Pan} and {Wenhao Yu} and {Dong Yu}},
  year = {2023},
  eprint = {2309.08172v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.08172v2},
  note = {First published: 2023-09-15; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2024-02-21T17:42:32Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2311.18751", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2311.18751"}}
@misc{arxiv_2311_18751,
  title = {{Exposing Limitations of Language Model Agents in Sequential-Task Compositions on the Web}},
  author = {{Hiroki Furuta} and {Yutaka Matsuo} and {Aleksandra Faust} and {Izzeddin Gur}},
  year = {2023},
  eprint = {2311.18751v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.18751v3},
  note = {First published: 2023-11-30; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2024-12-31T04:24:16Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2402.10196", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2402.10196"}}
@misc{arxiv_2402_10196,
  title = {{A Trembling House of Cards? Mapping Adversarial Attacks against Language Agents}},
  author = {{Lingbo Mo} and {Zeyi Liao} and {Boyuan Zheng} and {Yu Su} and {Chaowei Xiao} and {Huan Sun}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2402.10196v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.10196v1},
  note = {First published: 2024-02-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2024-02-15T18:51:32Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2403.03788", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2403.03788"}}
@misc{arxiv_2403_03788,
  title = {{PPTC-R benchmark: Towards Evaluating the Robustness of Large Language Models for PowerPoint Task Completion}},
  author = {{Zekai Zhang} and {Yiduo Guo} and {Yaobo Liang} and {Dongyan Zhao} and {Nan Duan}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2403.03788v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03788v1},
  note = {First published: 2024-03-06; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2024-03-06T15:33:32Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2404.05902", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2404.05902"}}
@misc{arxiv_2404_05902,
  title = {{WILBUR: Adaptive In-Context Learning for Robust and Accurate Web Agents}},
  author = {{Michael Lutz} and {Arth Bohra} and {Manvel Saroyan} and {Artem Harutyunyan} and {Giovanni Campagna}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2404.05902v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.05902v1},
  note = {First published: 2024-04-08; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2024-04-08T23:10:47Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2404.16660", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2404.16660"}}
@misc{arxiv_2404_16660,
  title = {{Benchmarking Mobile Device Control Agents across Diverse Configurations}},
  author = {{Juyong Lee} and {Taywon Min} and {Minyong An} and {Dongyoon Hahm} and {Haeone Lee} and {Changyeon Kim} and {Kimin Lee}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2404.16660v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.16660v3},
  note = {First published: 2024-04-25; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-07-21T02:55:09Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"canonical_source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.12814", "catalog_id": "arxiv:2406.12814", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "citation_edition": "record", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2406.12814"}, "publication": {"authors": ["Chen Wu", "Rishi Shah", "Jing Yu Koh", "Russ Salakhutdinov", "Daniel Fried", "Aditi Raghunathan"], "date_basis": "Explicit publisher citation_publication_date: 2025-05-01. Preserve supplied precision; do not substitute conference event dates.", "date_parts": [2025, 5, 1], "doi": null, "event_dates": null, "evidence_urls": ["https://proceedings.iclr.cc/paper_files/paper/2025/hash/460a1d8eac34125dad453b28d6d64446-Abstract-Conference.html"], "identity_basis": "Same work: normalized title, ordered author correspondence and the specific contribution in the complete publisher abstract were reviewed against the retained arXiv identity. The normalized publisher abstract matches the retained arXiv abstract SHA-256.", "issue": null, "notes": "Publisher proceedings edition; retained separately from the arXiv snapshot. Publisher spelling, initials, name annotations or author lists differ from the retained preprint.", "pages": "28362-28383", "pdf_url": "https://proceedings.iclr.cc/paper_files/paper/2025/file/460a1d8eac34125dad453b28d6d64446-Paper-Conference.pdf", "publisher": null, "series": null, "title": "Dissecting Adversarial Robustness of Multimodal LM Agents", "type": "conference-paper", "url": "https://proceedings.iclr.cc/paper_files/paper/2025/hash/460a1d8eac34125dad453b28d6d64446-Abstract-Conference.html", "venue": "International Conference on Learning Representations", "volume": "2025"}}
@misc{arxiv_2406_12814,
  title = {{Dissecting Adversarial Robustness of Multimodal LM Agents}},
  author = {{Chen Henry Wu} and {Rishi Shah} and {Jing Yu Koh} and {Ruslan Salakhutdinov} and {Daniel Fried} and {Aditi Raghunathan}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2406.12814v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.12814v3},
  note = {First published: 2024-06-18; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-02-04T20:02:17Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2408.02544", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2408.02544"}}
@misc{arxiv_2408_02544,
  title = {{Caution for the Environment: Multimodal LLM Agents are Susceptible to Environmental Distractions}},
  author = {{Xinbei Ma} and {Yiting Wang} and {Yao Yao} and {Tongxin Yuan} and {Aston Zhang} and {Zhuosheng Zhang} and {Hai Zhao}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2408.02544v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.02544v3},
  note = {First published: 2024-08-05; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-09-05T09:21:10Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"canonical_source_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.00467", "catalog_id": "arxiv:2410.00467", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "citation_edition": "record", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2410.00467"}, "publication": {"authors": ["Shaoqing Zhang", "Zhuosheng Zhang", "Kehai Chen (\u9648\u79d1\u6d77)", "Xinbei Ma", "Muyun Yang (\u6768\u6c90\u6600)", "Tiejun Zhao (\u8d75\u94c1\u519b)", "Min Zhang"], "date_basis": "Explicit publisher citation_publication_date: 2024/11. Preserve supplied precision; do not substitute conference event dates.", "date_parts": [2024, 11], "doi": "10.18653/v1/2024.findings-emnlp.70", "event_dates": null, "evidence_urls": ["https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.70/"], "identity_basis": "Same work: normalized title, ordered author correspondence and the specific contribution in the complete publisher abstract were reviewed against the retained arXiv identity.", "issue": null, "notes": "Publisher proceedings edition; retained separately from the arXiv snapshot. Publisher spelling, initials, name annotations or author lists differ from the retained preprint.", "pages": "1304-1320", "pdf_url": "https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.70.pdf", "publisher": "Association for Computational Linguistics", "series": null, "title": "Dynamic Planning for LLM-based Graphical User Interface Automation", "type": "conference-paper", "url": "https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.70/", "venue": "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024", "volume": null}}
@misc{arxiv_2410_00467,
  title = {{Dynamic Planning for LLM-based Graphical User Interface Automation}},
  author = {{Shaoqing Zhang} and {Zhuosheng Zhang} and {Kehai Chen} and {Xinbei Ma} and {Muyun Yang} and {Tiejun Zhao} and {Min Zhang}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.00467v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.00467v3},
  note = {First published: 2024-10-01; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2024-12-19T14:29:31Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2410.00689", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2410.00689"}}
@misc{arxiv_2410_00689,
  title = {{Multimodal Auto Validation For Self-Refinement in Web Agents}},
  author = {{Ruhana Azam} and {Tamer Abuelsaad} and {Aditya Vempaty} and {Ashish Jagmohan}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.00689v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.00689v2},
  note = {First published: 2024-10-01; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2024-10-11T15:42:52Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2410.18963", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2410.18963"}}
@misc{arxiv_2410_18963,
  title = {{OSCAR: Operating System Control via State-Aware Reasoning and Re-Planning}},
  author = {{Xiaoqiang Wang} and {Bang Liu}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.18963v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.18963v1},
  note = {First published: 2024-10-24; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2024-10-24T17:58:08Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2501.11425", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2501.11425"}}
@misc{arxiv_2501_11425,
  title = {{Agent-R: Training Language Model Agents to Reflect via Iterative Self-Training}},
  author = {{Siyu Yuan} and {Zehui Chen} and {Zhiheng Xi} and {Junjie Ye} and {Zhengyin Du} and {Jiecao Chen}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2501.11425v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11425v3},
  note = {First published: 2025-01-20; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-03-24T10:18:56Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2502.08047", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2502.08047"}}
@misc{arxiv_2502_08047,
  title = {{WorldGUI: An Interactive Benchmark for Desktop GUI Automation from Any Starting Point}},
  author = {{Henry Hengyuan Zhao} and {Kaiming Yang} and {Wendi Yu} and {Difei Gao} and {Mike Zheng Shou}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2502.08047v5},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.08047v5},
  note = {First published: 2025-02-12; Recorded arXiv version: v5; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-23T20:19:43Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2502.13053", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2502.13053"}}
@misc{arxiv_2502_13053,
  title = {{Evaluating the Robustness of Multimodal Agents Against Active Environmental Injection Attacks}},
  author = {{Yurun Chen} and {Xavier Hu} and {Keting Yin} and {Juncheng Li} and {Shengyu Zhang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2502.13053v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.13053v3},
  note = {First published: 2025-02-18; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-08-06T07:04:43Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2504.04716", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2504.04716"}}
@misc{arxiv_2504_04716,
  title = {{On the Robustness of GUI Grounding Models Against Image Attacks}},
  author = {{Haoren Zhao} and {Tianyi Chen} and {Zhen Wang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.04716v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.04716v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-04-07; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-04-07T03:58:45Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2504.11788", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2504.11788"}}
@misc{arxiv_2504_11788,
  title = {{WebRollback: Enhancing Web Agents with Explicit Rollback Mechanisms}},
  author = {{Zhisong Zhang} and {Tianqing Fang} and {Kaixin Ma} and {Wenhao Yu} and {Hongming Zhang} and {Haitao Mi} and {Dong Yu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.11788v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11788v3},
  note = {First published: 2025-04-16; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-01-15T02:00:45Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2505.11891", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2505.11891"}}
@misc{arxiv_2505_11891,
  title = {{Mobile-Bench-v2: A More Realistic and Comprehensive Benchmark for VLM-based Mobile Agents}},
  author = {{Weikai Xu} and {Zhizheng Jiang} and {Yuxuan Liu} and {Pengzhi Gao} and {Wei Liu} and {Jian Luan} and {Yuanchun Li} and {Yunxin Liu} and {Bin Wang} and {Bo An}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.11891v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.11891v3},
  note = {First published: 2025-05-17; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-02-02T06:55:10Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2505.12842", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2505.12842"}}
@misc{arxiv_2505_12842,
  title = {{GEM: Gaussian Embedding Modeling for Out-of-Distribution Detection in GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Zheng Wu} and {Pengzhou Cheng} and {Zongru Wu} and {Lingzhong Dong} and {Zhuosheng Zhang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.12842v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.12842v4},
  note = {First published: 2025-05-19; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2025-11-22T15:07:27Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2505.20660", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2505.20660"}}
@misc{arxiv_2505_20660,
  title = {{BacktrackAgent: Enhancing GUI Agent with Error Detection and Backtracking Mechanism}},
  author = {{Qinzhuo Wu} and {Pengzhi Gao} and {Wei Liu} and {Jian Luan}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.20660v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20660v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-05-27; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-05-27T03:09:06Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2505.21964", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2505.21964"}}
@misc{arxiv_2505_21964,
  title = {{UI-Evol: Automatic Knowledge Evolving for Computer Use Agents}},
  author = {{Ziyun Zhang} and {Xinyi Liu} and {Xiaoyi Zhang} and {Jun Wang} and {Gang Chen} and {Yan Lu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.21964v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21964v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-05-28; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-11-03T08:44:04Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2506.01616", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2506.01616"}}
@misc{arxiv_2506_01616,
  title = {{MLA-Trust: Benchmarking Trustworthiness of Multimodal LLM Agents in GUI Environments}},
  author = {{Xiao Yang} and {Jiawei Chen} and {Jun Luo} and {Zhengwei Fang} and {Yinpeng Dong} and {Hang Su} and {Jun Zhu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.01616v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01616v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-06-02; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-06-02T12:56:27Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2506.04614", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2506.04614"}}
@misc{arxiv_2506_04614,
  title = {{Look Before You Leap: A GUI-Critic-R1 Model for Pre-Operative Error Diagnosis in GUI Automation}},
  author = {{Yuyang Wanyan} and {Xi Zhang} and {Haiyang Xu} and {Haowei Liu} and {Junyang Wang} and {Jiabo Ye} and {Yutong Kou} and {Ming Yan} and {Fei Huang} and {Xiaoshan Yang} and {Weiming Dong} and {Changsheng Xu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.04614v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04614v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-06-05; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-11-17T07:48:59Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2506.07385", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2506.07385"}}
@misc{arxiv_2506_07385,
  title = {{GUIPilot: A Consistency-based Mobile GUI Testing Approach for Detecting Application-specific Bugs}},
  author = {{Ruofan Liu} and {Xiwen Teoh} and {Yun Lin} and {Guanjie Chen} and {Ruofei Ren} and {Denys Poshyvanyk} and {Jin Song Dong}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.07385v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07385v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-06-09; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-06-09T03:09:48Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2506.08012", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2506.08012"}}
@misc{arxiv_2506_08012,
  title = {{GUI-Reflection: Empowering Multimodal GUI Models with Self-Reflection Behavior}},
  author = {{Penghao Wu} and {Shengnan Ma} and {Bo Wang} and {Jiaheng Yu} and {Lewei Lu} and {Ziwei Liu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.08012v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08012v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-06-09; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-06-09T17:59:57Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2506.13205", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2506.13205"}}
@misc{arxiv_2506_13205,
  title = {{Poison Once, Control Anywhere: Clean-Text Visual Backdoors in VLM-based Mobile Agents}},
  author = {{Xuan Wang} and {Siyuan Liang} and {Zhe Liu} and {Yi Yu} and {Aishan Liu} and {Yuliang Lu} and {Xitong Gao} and {Ee-Chien Chang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.13205v6},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13205v6},
  note = {First published: 2025-06-16; Recorded arXiv version: v6; Recorded version updated: 2025-09-05T14:19:03Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2506.14477", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2506.14477"}}
@misc{arxiv_2506_14477,
  title = {{GUI-Robust: A Comprehensive Dataset for Testing GUI Agent Robustness in Real-World Anomalies}},
  author = {{Jingqi Yang} and {Zhilong Song} and {Jiawei Chen} and {Mingli Song} and {Sheng Zhou} and {linjun sun} and {Xiaogang Ouyang} and {Chun Chen} and {Can Wang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.14477v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14477v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-06-17; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-06-17T12:50:35Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2506.15425", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2506.15425"}}
@misc{arxiv_2506_15425,
  title = {{Understanding GUI Agent Localization Biases through Logit Sharpness}},
  author = {{Xingjian Tao} and {Yiwei Wang} and {Yujun Cai} and {Zhicheng Yang} and {Jing Tang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.15425v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15425v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-06-18; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-06-18T12:55:35Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2507.16853", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2507.16853"}}
@misc{arxiv_2507_16853,
  title = {{MobileUse: A GUI Agent with Hierarchical Reflection for Autonomous Mobile Operation}},
  author = {{Ning Li} and {Xiangmou Qu} and {Jiamu Zhou} and {Jun Wang} and {Muning Wen} and {Kounianhua Du} and {Xingyu Lou} and {Qiuying Peng} and {Jun Wang} and {Weinan Zhang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2507.16853v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16853v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-07-21; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-07-21T09:37:05Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2508.02046", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2508.02046"}}
@misc{arxiv_2508_02046,
  title = {{NaviMaster: Learning a Unified Policy for GUI and Embodied Navigation Tasks}},
  author = {{Zhihao Luo} and {Wentao Yan} and {Jingyu Gong} and {Min Wang} and {Zhizhong Zhang} and {Xuhong Wang} and {Yuan Xie} and {Xin Tan}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2508.02046v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02046v4},
  note = {First published: 2025-08-04; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-02T12:32:44Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2509.11250", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2509.11250"}}
@misc{arxiv_2509_11250,
  title = {{Environmental Injection Attacks against GUI Agents in Realistic Dynamic Environments}},
  author = {{Yitong Zhang} and {Ximo Li} and {Liyi Cai} and {Jia Li}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.11250v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11250v3},
  note = {First published: 2025-09-14; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-24T12:04:58Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2509.20729", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2509.20729"}}
@misc{arxiv_2509_20729,
  title = {{Robust, Observable, and Evolvable Agentic Systems Engineering: A Principled Framework Validated via the Fairy GUI Agent}},
  author = {{Jiazheng Sun} and {Ruimeng Yang} and {Xu Han} and {Jiayang Niu} and {Mingxuan Li} and {Te Yang} and {Yongyong Lu} and {Xin Peng}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.20729v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20729v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-09-25; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-12-01T08:01:05Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2509.21552", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2509.21552"}}
@misc{arxiv_2509_21552,
  title = {{Learning GUI Grounding with Spatial Reasoning from Visual Feedback}},
  author = {{Yu Zhao} and {Wei-Ning Chen} and {Huseyin Atahan Inan} and {Samuel Kessler} and {Lu Wang} and {Lukas Wutschitz} and {Fangkai Yang} and {Chaoyun Zhang} and {Pasquale Minervini} and {Saravan Rajmohan} and {Robert Sim}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.21552v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21552v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-09-25; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-25T20:58:59Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2509.21782", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2509.21782"}}
@misc{arxiv_2509_21782,
  title = {{Benchmarking MLLM-based Web Understanding: Reasoning, Robustness and Safety}},
  author = {{Junliang Liu} and {Jingyu Xiao} and {Wenxin Tang} and {Zhixian Wang} and {Zipeng Xie} and {Wenxuan Wang} and {Minrui Zhang} and {Shuanghe Yu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.21782v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21782v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-09-26; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-04T16:31:39Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.01354", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.01354"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_01354,
  title = {{WAInjectBench: Benchmarking Prompt Injection Detections for Web Agents}},
  author = {{Yinuo Liu} and {Xilong Wang} and {Ruohan Xu} and {Yuqi Jia} and {Neil Zhenqiang Gong}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.01354v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01354v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-10-01; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-23T16:44:27Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.01670", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.01670"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_01670,
  title = {{Just Do It!? Computer-Use Agents Exhibit Blind Goal-Directedness}},
  author = {{Erfan Shayegani} and {Keegan Hines} and {Yue Dong} and {Nael Abu-Ghazaleh} and {Roman Lutz} and {Spencer Whitehead} and {Vidhisha Balachandran} and {Besmira Nushi} and {Vibhav Vineet}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.01670v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01670v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-10-02; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-10-02T04:52:15Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.03230", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.03230"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_03230,
  title = {{Improving GUI Grounding with Explicit Position-to-Coordinate Mapping}},
  author = {{Suyuchen Wang} and {Tianyu Zhang} and {Ahmed Masry} and {Christopher Pal} and {Spandana Gella} and {Bang Liu} and {Perouz Taslakian}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.03230v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03230v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-10-03; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-10-03T17:59:34Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.03285", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.03285"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_03285,
  title = {{WAREX: Web Agent Reliability Evaluation on Existing Benchmarks}},
  author = {{Su Kara} and {Fazle Faisal} and {Suman Nath}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.03285v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03285v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-09-28; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-09-28T20:51:05Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.07809", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.07809"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_07809,
  title = {{Invisible to Humans, Triggered by Agents: Stealthy Jailbreak Attacks on Mobile Vision-Language Agents}},
  author = {{Renhua Ding} and {Xiao Yang} and {Zhengwei Fang} and {Jun Luo} and {Kun He} and {Jun Zhu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.07809v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07809v4},
  note = {First published: 2025-10-09; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-09T01:41:48Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.10073", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.10073"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_10073,
  title = {{SecureWebArena: A Holistic Security Evaluation Benchmark for LVLM-based Web Agents}},
  author = {{Zonghao Ying} and {Yangguang Shao} and {Jianle Gan} and {Gan Xu} and {Wenxin Zhang} and {Quanchen Zou} and {Junzheng Shi} and {Zhenfei Yin} and {Mingchuan Zhang} and {Aishan Liu} and {Xianglong Liu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.10073v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10073v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-10-11; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-14T02:53:37Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.19949", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.19949"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_19949,
  title = {{Surfer 2: The Next Generation of Cross-Platform Computer Use Agents}},
  author = {{Mathieu Andreux} and {Märt Bakler} and {Yanael Barbier} and {Hamza Benchekroun} and {Emilien Biré} and {Antoine Bonnet} and {Riaz Bordie} and {Nathan Bout} and {Matthias Brunel} and {Aleix Cambray} and {Pierre-Louis Cedoz} and {Antoine Chassang} and {Gautier Cloix} and {Ethan Connelly} and {Alexandra Constantinou} and {Ramzi De Coster} and {Hubert de la Jonquiere} and {Aurélien Delfosse} and {Maxime Delpit} and {Alexis Deprez} and {Augustin Derupti} and {Mathieu Diaz} and {Shannon D'Souza} and {Julie Dujardin} and {Abai Edmund} and {Michael Eickenberg} and {Armand Fatalot} and {Wissem Felissi} and {Isaac Herring} and {Xavier Koegler} and {Erwan Le Jumeau de Kergaradec} and {Aurélien Lac} and {Maxime Langevin} and {Corentin Lauverjat} and {Antonio Loison} and {Avshalom Manevich} and {Axel Moyal} and {Axel Nguyen Kerbel} and {Marinela Parovic} and {Julien Revelle} and {Guillaume Richard} and {Mats Richter} and {Ronan Riochet} and {María Santos} and {Romain Savidan} and {Laurent Sifre} and {Maxime Theillard} and {Marc Thibault} and {Ivan Valentini} and {Tony Wu} and {Laura Yie} and {Kai Yuan} and {Jevgenij Zubovskij}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.19949v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.19949v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-10-22; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-10-24T11:52:29Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2510.27266", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2510.27266"}}
@misc{arxiv_2510_27266,
  title = {{Enhancing Trustworthy GUI Grounding via Self-Critiqued Reinforcement Learning}},
  author = {{Shaojie Zhang} and {Pei Fu} and {Ruoceng Zhang} and {Jiahui Yang} and {Anan Du} and {Xiuwen Xi} and {Shaokang Wang} and {Ying Huang} and {Bin Qin} and {Zhenbo Luo} and {Jian Luan}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.27266v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.27266v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-10-31; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-27T02:32:58Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2511.16590", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2511.16590"}}
@misc{arxiv_2511_16590,
  title = {{D-GARA: A Dynamic Benchmarking Framework for GUI Agent Robustness in Real-World Anomalies}},
  author = {{Sen Chen} and {Tong Zhao} and {Yi Bin} and {Fei Ma} and {Wenqi Shao} and {Zheng Wang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.16590v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.16590v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-11-20; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-11-20T17:43:46Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2511.17131", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2511.17131"}}
@misc{arxiv_2511_17131,
  title = {{UI-CUBE: Enterprise-Grade Computer Use Agent Benchmarking Beyond Task Accuracy to Operational Reliability}},
  author = {{Horia Cristescu} and {Charles Park} and {Trong Canh Nguyen} and {Sergiu Talmacel} and {Alexandru-Gabriel Ilie} and {Stefan Adam}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.17131v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.17131v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-11-21; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-11-21T10:47:22Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2511.20766", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2511.20766"}}
@misc{arxiv_2511_20766,
  title = {{OpenApps: Simulating Environment Variations to Measure UI-Agent Reliability}},
  author = {{Karen Ullrich} and {Jingtong Su} and {Claudia Shi} and {Arjun Subramonian} and {Amir Bar} and {Ivan Evtimov} and {Nikolaos Tsilivis} and {Randall Balestriero} and {Julia Kempe} and {Mark Ibrahim}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.20766v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20766v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-11-25; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-11-25T19:00:22Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2512.00756", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2512.00756"}}
@misc{arxiv_2512_00756,
  title = {{MPR-GUI: Benchmarking and Enhancing Multilingual Perception and Reasoning in GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Ruihan Chen} and {Qiming Li} and {Xiaocheng Feng} and {Weihong Zhong} and {Xiaoliang Yang} and {Yuxuan Gu} and {Zekun Zhou} and {Yunfei Lu} and {Haoyu Ren} and {Kun Chen} and {Dandan Tu} and {Bing Qin}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.00756v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.00756v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-11-30; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-28T03:32:32Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2512.01979", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2512.01979"}}
@misc{arxiv_2512_01979,
  title = {{Chain-of-Ground: Improving GUI Grounding via Iterative Reasoning and Reference Feedback}},
  author = {{Aiden Yiliu Li} and {Bizhi Yu} and {Daoan Lei} and {Tianhe Ren} and {Shilong Liu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.01979v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.01979v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-12-01; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-12-01T18:37:19Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2512.08529", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2512.08529"}}
@misc{arxiv_2512_08529,
  title = {{MVP: Multiple View Prediction Improves GUI Grounding}},
  author = {{Yunzhu Zhang} and {Zeyu Pan} and {Zhengwen Zeng} and {Shuheng Shen} and {Changhua Meng} and {Linchao Zhu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.08529v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.08529v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-12-09; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-12-09T12:19:00Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2512.12594", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2512.12594"}}
@misc{arxiv_2512_12594,
  title = {{ceLLMate: Sandboxing Browser AI Agents}},
  author = {{Luoxi Meng} and {Henry Feng} and {Ilia Shumailov} and {Earlence Fernandes}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.12594v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12594v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-12-14; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-04T01:49:57Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2512.16501", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2512.16501"}}
@misc{arxiv_2512_16501,
  title = {{VenusBench-GD: A Comprehensive Multi-Platform GUI Benchmark for Diverse Grounding Tasks}},
  author = {{Beitong Zhou} and {Zhexiao Huang} and {Yuan Guo} and {Zhangxuan Gu} and {Tianyu Xia} and {Zichen Luo} and {Fei Tang} and {Dehan Kong} and {Yanyi Shang} and {Suling Ou} and {Zhenlin Guo} and {Changhua Meng} and {Shuheng Shen}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.16501v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16501v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-12-18; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-12-18T13:09:09Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2512.21302", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2512.21302"}}
@misc{arxiv_2512_21302,
  title = {{AndroidLens: Long-latency Evaluation with Nested Sub-targets for Android GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Yue Cao} and {Yingyao Wang} and {Pi Bu} and {Jingxuan Xing} and {Wei Jiang} and {Zekun Zhu} and {Junpeng Ma} and {Sashuai Zhou} and {Tong Lu} and {Jun Song} and {Yu Cheng} and {Yuning Jiang} and {Bo Zheng}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.21302v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.21302v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-12-24; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-12-24T17:40:42Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.07263", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.07263"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_07263,
  title = {{When Bots Take the Bait: Exposing and Mitigating the Emerging Social Engineering Attack in Web Automation Agent}},
  author = {{Xinyi Wu} and {Geng Hong} and {Yueyue Chen} and {MingXuan Liu} and {Feier Jin} and {Xudong Pan} and {Jiarun Dai} and {Baojun Liu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.07263v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.07263v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-12; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-01-12T07:10:08Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.09923", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.09923"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_09923,
  title = {{CaMeLs Can Use Computers Too: System-level Security for Computer Use Agents}},
  author = {{Hanna Foerster} and {Tom Blanchard} and {Kristina Nikolić} and {Ilia Shumailov} and {Cheng Zhang} and {Robert Mullins} and {Nicolas Papernot} and {Florian Tramèr} and {Yiren Zhao}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.09923v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09923v3},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-14; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-04T15:38:02Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.12822", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.12822"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_12822,
  title = {{MirrorGuard: Toward Secure Computer-Use Agents via Simulation-to-Real Reasoning Correction}},
  author = {{Wenqi Zhang} and {Yulin Shen} and {Changyue Jiang} and {Jiarun Dai} and {Geng Hong} and {Xudong Pan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.12822v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12822v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-19; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-01-19T08:32:09Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.13060", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.13060"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_13060,
  title = {{MagicGUI-RMS: A Multi-Agent Reward Model System for Self-Evolving GUI Agents via Automated Feedback Reflux}},
  author = {{Zecheng Li} and {Zhihui Cao} and {Wenke Huang} and {Yudong Zhang} and {Keying Qi} and {Rui Wang} and {Zeyu Zheng} and {Jian Zhao} and {Hao Zhu} and {Hengxin Wu} and {Yuran Wang} and {Guitao Fan} and {Guokun Wu} and {Yicong Liu} and {Zhilin Gao} and {Haikun Xu} and {He Yang} and {Minqi Xiang} and {Xingyu Liu} and {Zuojian Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.13060v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13060v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-19; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-01-19T13:50:43Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.19199", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.19199"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_19199,
  title = {{MAGNET: Towards Adaptive GUI Agents with Memory-Driven Knowledge Evolution}},
  author = {{Libo Sun} and {Jiwen Zhang} and {Siyuan Wang} and {Zhongyu Wei}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.19199v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.19199v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-27; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-01-31T15:17:38Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.20335", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.20335"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_20335,
  title = {{MobileBench-OL: A Comprehensive Chinese Benchmark for Evaluating Mobile GUI Agents in Real-World Environment}},
  author = {{Qinzhuo Wu} and {Zhizhuo Yang} and {Hanhao Li} and {Pengzhi Gao} and {Wei Liu} and {Jian Luan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.20335v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20335v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-28; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-01-29T02:32:46Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.20732", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.20732"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_20732,
  title = {{Continual GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Ziwei Liu} and {Borui Kang} and {Hangjie Yuan} and {Zixiang Zhao} and {Wei Li} and {Yifan Zhu} and {Tao Feng}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.20732v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20732v4},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-28; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-25T10:25:50Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2601.21352", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2601.21352"}}
@misc{arxiv_2601_21352,
  title = {{BEAP-Agent: Backtrackable Execution and Adaptive Planning for GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Ziyu Lu} and {Tengjin Weng} and {Yiying Yang} and {Yuhang Zhao} and {Xinxin Huang} and {Wenhao Jiang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.21352v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.21352v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-01-29; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-01-29T07:22:50Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2602.02419", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2602.02419"}}
@misc{arxiv_2602_02419,
  title = {{SafeGround: Know When to Trust GUI Grounding Models via Uncertainty Calibration}},
  author = {{Qingni Wang} and {Yue Fan} and {Xin Eric Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.02419v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02419v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-02-02; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-02-03T08:31:29Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2602.08995", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2602.08995"}}
@misc{arxiv_2602_08995,
  title = {{When Actions Go Off-Task: Detecting and Correcting Misaligned Actions in Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Yuting Ning} and {Jaylen Jones} and {Zhehao Zhang} and {Chentao Ye} and {Weitong Ruan} and {Junyi Li} and {Rahul Gupta} and {Huan Sun}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.08995v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.08995v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-02-09; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-25T04:36:12Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2602.10356", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2602.10356"}}
@misc{arxiv_2602_10356,
  title = {{Autonomous Continual Learning for Environment Adaptation of Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Tianci Xue} and {Zeyi Liao} and {Tianneng Shi} and {Zilu Wang} and {Kai Zhang} and {Dawn Song} and {Yu Su} and {Huan Sun}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.10356v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.10356v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-02-10; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-11T00:11:46Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.02951", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.02951"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_02951,
  title = {{CGL: Advancing Continual GUI Learning via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning}},
  author = {{Zhenquan Yao} and {Zitong Huang} and {Yihan Zeng} and {Jianhua Han} and {Hang Xu} and {Chun-Mei Feng} and {Jianwei Ma} and {Wangmeng Zuo}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.02951v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.02951v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-03; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-07T10:11:08Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.04949", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.04949"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_04949,
  title = {{TimeWarp: Evaluating Web Agents by Revisiting the Past}},
  author = {{Md Farhan Ishmam} and {Kenneth Marino}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.04949v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04949v4},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-05; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-14T10:16:21Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.07432", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.07432"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_07432,
  title = {{Generalization in Online Reinforcement Learning for Mobile Agents}},
  author = {{Li Gu} and {Zihuan Jiang} and {Zhixiang Chi} and {Huan Liu} and {Ziqiang Wang} and {Yuanhao Yu} and {Glen Berseth} and {Yang Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.07432v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.07432v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-08; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-08T03:08:11Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.10577", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.10577"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_10577,
  title = {{CUAAudit: Meta-Evaluation of Vision-Language Models as Auditors of Autonomous Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Marta Sumyk} and {Oleksandr Kosovan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.10577v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.10577v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-11; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-12T07:30:09Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.12138", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.12138"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_12138,
  title = {{HATS: Hardness-Aware Trajectory Synthesis for GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Rui Shao} and {Ruize Gao} and {Bin Xie} and {Yixing Li} and {Kaiwen Zhou} and {Shuai Wang} and {Weili Guan} and {Gongwei Chen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.12138v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.12138v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-12; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-12T16:40:59Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.14707", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.14707"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_14707,
  title = {{Visual Confused Deputy: Exploiting and Defending Perception Failures in Computer-Using Agents}},
  author = {{Xunzhuo Liu} and {Bowei He} and {Xue Liu} and {Andy Luo} and {Haichen Zhang} and {Huamin Chen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.14707v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.14707v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-16; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-16T01:31:32Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.15714", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.15714"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_15714,
  title = {{How Vulnerable Are AI Agents to Indirect Prompt Injections? Insights from a Large-Scale Public Competition}},
  author = {{Mateusz Dziemian} and {Maxwell Lin} and {Xiaohan Fu} and {Micha Nowak} and {Nick Winter} and {Eliot Jones} and {Andy Zou} and {Lama Ahmad} and {Kamalika Chaudhuri} and {Sahana Chennabasappa} and {Xander Davies} and {Lauren Deason} and {Benjamin L. Edelman} and {Tanner Emek} and {Ivan Evtimov} and {Jim Gust} and {Maia Hamin} and {Kat He} and {Klaudia Krawiecka} and {Riccardo Patana} and {Neil Perry} and {Troy Peterson} and {Xiangyu Qi} and {Javier Rando} and {Zifan Wang} and {Zihan Wang} and {Spencer Whitman} and {Eric Winsor} and {Arman Zharmagambetov} and {Matt Fredrikson} and {Zico Kolter}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.15714v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.15714v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-16; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-16T14:49:36Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.20340", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.20340"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_20340,
  title = {{ContractSkill: Repairable Contract-Based Skills for Multimodal Web Agents}},
  author = {{Zijian Lu} and {Yiping Zuo} and {Yupeng Nie} and {Xin He} and {Weibei Fan} and {Lianyong Qi} and {Shi Jin}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.20340v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.20340v3},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-20; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-15T07:34:34Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2603.23007", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2603.23007"}}
@misc{arxiv_2603_23007,
  title = {{AgentRAE: Remote Action Execution through Notification-based Visual Backdoors against Screenshots-based Mobile GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Yutao Luo} and {Haotian Zhu} and {Shuchao Pang} and {Zhigang Lu} and {Tian Dong} and {Yongbin Zhou} and {Minhui Xue}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.23007v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23007v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-03-24; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-24T09:51:43Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.01676", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.01676"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_01676,
  title = {{GPA: Learning GUI Process Automation from Demonstrations}},
  author = {{Zirui Zhao} and {Jun Hao Liew} and {Yan Yang} and {Wenzhuo Yang} and {Ziyang Luo} and {Doyen Sahoo} and {Silvio Savarese} and {Junnan Li}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.01676v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.01676v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-02; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-04T01:55:00Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.05477", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.05477"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_05477,
  title = {{Don't Act Blindly: Robust GUI Automation via Action-Effect Verification and Self-Correction}},
  author = {{Yuzhe Zhang} and {Xianwei Xue} and {Xingyong Wu} and {Mengke Chen} and {Chen Liu} and {Xinran He} and {Run Shao} and {Feiran Liu} and {Huanmin Xu} and {Qiutong Pan} and {Haiwei Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.05477v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.05477v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-07; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-07T06:16:23Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.07831", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.07831"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_07831,
  title = {{Are GUI Agents Focused Enough? Automated Distraction via Semantic-level UI Element Injection}},
  author = {{Wenkui Yang} and {Chao Jin} and {Haisu Zhu} and {Weilin Luo} and {Derek Yuen} and {Kun Shao} and {Junxian Duan} and {Huaibo Huang} and {Jie Cao} and {Ran He}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.07831v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.07831v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-09; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-08T02:39:35Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.13019", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.13019"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_13019,
  title = {{PrecisionCUA: Iterative Visual Refinement for Pixel-Precise Cursor Grounding in Code Editors}},
  author = {{Himangi Mittal} and {Gaurav Mittal} and {Nelson Daniel Troncoso} and {Yu Hu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.13019v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.13019v3},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-14; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-28T06:47:16Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.14262", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.14262"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_14262,
  title = {{GUI-Perturbed: Domain Randomization Reveals Systematic Brittleness in GUI Grounding Models}},
  author = {{Yangyue Wang} and {Harshvardhan Sikka} and {Yash Mathur} and {Tony Zhou} and {Jinu Nyachhyon} and {Pranav Guruprasad}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.14262v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14262v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-15; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-01T10:12:28Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.14956", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.14956"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_14956,
  title = {{FedGUI: Benchmarking Federated GUI Agents across Heterogeneous Platforms, Devices, and Operating Systems}},
  author = {{Wenhao Wang} and {Haoting Shi} and {Mengying Yuan} and {Yiquan Lin} and {Panrong Tong} and {Hanzhang Zhou} and {Guangyi Liu} and {Pengxiang Zhao} and {Yue Wang} and {Siheng Chen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.14956v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14956v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-16; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-16T12:53:03Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.16515", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.16515"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_16515,
  title = {{Penny Wise, Pixel Foolish: Bypassing Price Constraints in Multimodal Agents via Visual Adversarial Perturbations}},
  author = {{Jiachen Qian} and {Zhaolu Kang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.16515v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.16515v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-15T10:46:38Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.17284", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.17284"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_17284,
  title = {{HalluClear: Diagnosing, Evaluating and Mitigating Hallucinations in GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Chao Jin} and {Wenkui Yang} and {Hao Sun} and {Yuqi Liao} and {Qianyi Jiang} and {Kai Zhou} and {Jie Cao} and {Ran He} and {Huaibo Huang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.17284v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.17284v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-19; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-19T06:55:59Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.17817", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.17817"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_17817,
  title = {{Do LLMs Need to See Everything? A Benchmark and Study of Failures in LLM-driven Smartphone Automation using Screentext vs. Screenshots}},
  author = {{Shiquan Zhang} and {Tianyi Zhang} and {Le Fang} and {Simon D'Alfonso} and {Hong Jia} and {Vassilis Kostakos}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.17817v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.17817v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-20; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-20T05:15:14Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.17821", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.17821"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_17821,
  title = {{WebUncertainty: Dual-Level Uncertainty Driven Planning and Reasoning For Autonomous Web Agent}},
  author = {{Lingfeng Zhang} and {Yongan Sun} and {Jinpeng Hu} and {Hui Ma} and {Yang Ying} and {Kuien Liu} and {Zenglin Shi} and {Meng Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.17821v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.17821v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-20; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-21T03:15:01Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.17849", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.17849"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_17849,
  title = {{On the Reliability of Computer Use Agents}},
  author = {{Gonzalo Gonzalez-Pumariega} and {Saaket Agashe} and {Jiachen Yang} and {Ang Li} and {Xin Eric Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.17849v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.17849v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-20; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-20T05:59:04Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.18860", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.18860"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_18860,
  title = {{Temporal UI State Inconsistency in Desktop GUI Agents: Formalizing and Defending Against TOCTOU Attacks on Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Wenpeng Xu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.18860v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.18860v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-20; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-20T21:36:16Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.21375", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.21375"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_21375,
  title = {{VLAA-GUI: Knowing When to Stop, Recover, and Search, A Modular Framework for GUI Automation}},
  author = {{Qijun Han} and {Haoqin Tu} and {Zijun Wang} and {Haoyue Dai} and {Yiyang Zhou} and {Nancy Lau} and {Alvaro A. Cardenas} and {Yuhui Xu} and {Ran Xu} and {Caiming Xiong} and {Zeyu Zheng} and {Huaxiu Yao} and {Yuyin Zhou} and {Cihang Xie}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.21375v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.21375v3},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-23; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-24T23:58:02Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.24348", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.24348"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_24348,
  title = {{OS-SPEAR: A Toolkit for the Safety, Performance,Efficiency, and Robustness Analysis of OS Agents}},
  author = {{Zheng Wu} and {Yi Hua} and {Zhaoyuan Huang} and {Chenhao Xue} and {Yijie Lu} and {Pengzhou Cheng} and {Zongru Wu} and {Lingzhong Dong} and {Gongshen Liu} and {Xinghao Jiang} and {Zhuosheng Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.24348v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.24348v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-27; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-27T11:44:26Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.27151", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.27151"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_27151,
  title = {{Step-level Optimization for Efficient Computer-use Agents}},
  author = {{Jinbiao Wei} and {Kangqi Ni} and {Yilun Zhao} and {Guo Gan} and {Arman Cohan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.27151v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.27151v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-29; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-29T19:59:36Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.01208", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.01208"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_01208,
  title = {{Faithful Mobile GUI Agents with Guided Advantage Estimator}},
  author = {{Haowen Hu} and {Pengzhou Cheng} and {Zheng Wu} and {Lingzhong Dong} and {Gongshen Liu} and {Zhuosheng Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.01208v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.01208v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-02; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-02T02:54:36Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.09497", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.09497"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_09497,
  title = {{Don't Click That: Teaching Web Agents to Resist Deceptive Interfaces}},
  author = {{Yilin Zhang} and {Yingkai Hua} and {Chunyu Wei} and {Xin Wang} and {Yueguo Chen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.09497v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.09497v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-10; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-10T12:11:52Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.16402", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.16402"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_16402,
  title = {{WinDeskGround: A Benchmark for Robust GUI Grounding in Complex Multi-Window Desktop Environments}},
  author = {{Haoren Zhao} and {Tianyi Chen} and {Zhen Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.16402v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.16402v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-13; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-13T02:48:52Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.20291", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.20291"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_20291,
  title = {{Weasel: Out-of-Domain Generalization for Web Agents via Importance-Diversity Data Selection}},
  author = {{Fatemeh Pesaran Zadeh} and {Seyeon Choi} and {Xing Han Lù} and {Siva Reddy} and {Gunhee Kim}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.20291v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.20291v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-19; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-26T02:53:26Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.26086", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.26086"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_26086,
  title = {{Claw-Anything: Benchmarking Always-On Personal Assistants with Broader Access to User's Digital World}},
  author = {{Yusong Lin} and {Xinyuan Liang} and {Haiyang Wang} and {Qipeng Gu} and {Siqi Cheng} and {Jiangui Chen} and {Shuzhe Wu} and {Feiyang Pan} and {Lue Fan} and {Sanyuan Zhao} and {Dandan Tu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.26086v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.26086v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-25; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-25T17:50:04Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.26546", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.26546"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_26546,
  title = {{MobileExplorer: Accelerating On-Device Inference for Mobile GUI Agents via Online Exploration}},
  author = {{Runxi Huang} and {Liyu Zhang} and {Shengzhong Liu} and {Xiaomin Ouyang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.26546v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.26546v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-26; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-26T04:53:53Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.27761", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.27761"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_27761,
  title = {{AndroidDaily: A Verifiable Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents on Real-World Closed-Source Applications}},
  author = {{Yifan Sui} and {Xin Huang} and {Hongbing Li} and {Fang Xu} and {Jiahe Lv} and {Haolong Yan} and {Yeqing Shen} and {Litao Liu} and {Zhimin Fan} and {Ziyang Meng} and {Jia Wang} and {Junbo Qi} and {Kaijun Tan} and {Zheng Ge} and {Xiangyu Zhang} and {Daxin Jiang} and {Osamu Yoshie}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.27761v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.27761v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-26; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-26T23:19:42Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2605.28116", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2605.28116"}}
@misc{arxiv_2605_28116,
  title = {{MIRAGE: Context-Aware Prompt Injection against Mobile GUI Agents via User-Generated Content}},
  author = {{Ruoqi Guo} and {Yi Liu} and {Gelei Deng} and {Yiheng Xiong} and {Yuekang Li} and {Ying Zhang} and {Leo Yu Zhang} and {Lida Zhao} and {Ji Jie} and {Yuxiao Lu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.28116v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.28116v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-05-27; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-05-27T08:09:53Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.05233", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.05233"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_05233,
  title = {{Domain-Conditioned Safety in Frontier Computer-Using Agents: A 793-Episode Browser Benchmark, a Coding-Domain Cross-Reference, and a Reproducibility Audit of Recent Red-Teaming}},
  author = {{Nicholas Saban}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.05233v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.05233v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-03; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-03T01:21:59Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.06560", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.06560"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_06560,
  title = {{MacArena: Benchmarking Computer Use Agents on an Online macOS Environment}},
  author = {{Victor Muryn} and {Maksym Shamrai} and {Sofiia Mazepa} and {Yehor Khodysko}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.06560v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.06560v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-04; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-04T14:01:32Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.10522", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.10522"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_10522,
  title = {{GUI-AC: Enhancing Continual Learning in GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Can Lin} and {Tao Feng} and {Hangjie Yuan} and {Dan Zhang} and {Yifan Zhu} and {Zhonghong Ou}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.10522v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.10522v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-09; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-06T06:23:24Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.11042", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.11042"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_11042,
  title = {{Workflow-GYM: Towards Long-Horizon Evaluation of Computer-use Agentic tasks in Real-World Professional Fields}},
  author = {{Liya Zhu} and {Jingzhe Ding} and {Jian Zhang} and {Jianbo Xue} and {Shihao Liang} and {Ge Zhang} and {Yi Zhu} and {Duju Zeng} and {Xiang Gao} and {Qingshui Gu} and {Mailun Gao} and {Huimin Che} and {Yan Zhao} and {Peiheng Zhou} and {Haojun Wang} and {Chaobo Xian} and {Lili Le} and {Chi Wu} and {Yiwei Liu} and {Shengda Long} and {Jiale Yang} and {Fangzhi Xu} and {Sijin Wu} and {Haodong Duan} and {Chao He} and {Zhaojian Li} and {Minchao Wang} and {Huan Zhou} and {Jiani Hou} and {Chuqian Yu} and {Weiran Shi} and {Hongwan Gao} and {Jiamin Chen} and {Guanhong Chen} and {Tingqin Luo} and {Kaiyuan Zhang} and {Zhixin Yao} and {Qing Hua} and {Yuhao Jiang} and {Jin Chen} and {Pu Chen} and {Zhenyu Hu} and {Xingyu Li} and {Zhengxuan Jiang} and {Meng Cao} and {Tianfeng Long} and {Haozhe Wang} and {Mingzhang Wang} and {Yichen Zhang} and {Yiming Dai} and {Chenchen Zhang} and {Jiaying Wang} and {Xinying Liu} and {Xingzu Liu} and {Lingling Zhang} and {Xinjie Chen} and {Yujia Qin} and {Wangchunshu Zhou} and {Zhiyong Wu} and {Yang Liu} and {Jiaheng Liu} and {Lei Zhang} and {Shen Yan} and {Wenhao Huang} and {Zaiyuan Wang} and {Xiaolong Chang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.11042v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.11042v4},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-09; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-17T12:22:12Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.12485", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.12485"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_12485,
  title = {{Speculative Rollback Correction for Quality-Diverse Web Agent Imitation}},
  author = {{Longkun Hao} and {Hongyu Lin} and {Hao Li} and {Zhuowen Liu} and {Zhichao Yang} and {Haojie Hao} and {Dongshuo Huang} and {Haitao Yang} and {Hongyu Ge} and {Ming jie Xie} and {Yanjun Wu} and {Zi Hao Yin} and {Yan Bai} and {Yihang Lou}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.12485v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.12485v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-10; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-17T02:54:44Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.14106", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.14106"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_14106,
  title = {{Naive Visual Memory is Not Enough: A Failure-Mode Study of GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Seoyoung Choi} and {Minseok Ko} and {Hyunseok Lee} and {Kunwoong Kim} and {Woomin Song} and {Chanseok Jeon} and {Jinwoo Shin}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.14106v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.14106v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-12; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-12T04:39:01Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.14579", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.14579"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_14579,
  title = {{VISTA: View-Consistent Self-Verified Training for GUI Grounding}},
  author = {{Xinyu Qiu} and {Yunzhu Zhang} and {Heng Jia} and {Shuheng Shen} and {Changhua Meng} and {Linchao Zhu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.14579v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.14579v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-12; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-12T15:58:18Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.15017", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.15017"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_15017,
  title = {{Are Online Skill and Memory Modules Always Worth Their Tokens? A Budget-Constrained Study of Web Agents}},
  author = {{Sina Hajimiri} and {Masih Aminbeidokhti} and {Jose Dolz} and {Ismail Ben Ayed} and {Issam H. Laradji} and {Spandana Gella} and {Nicolas Gontier}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.15017v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.15017v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-12; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-30T17:49:13Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.16659", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.16659"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_16659,
  title = {{FraudSMSWalker: Benchmarking Agentic Large Language Models for SMS-to-Webpage Fraud Detection}},
  author = {{Y. H. Zhou} and {Z. M. Ma} and {Y. J. Zhou} and {Y. T. Li} and {H. X. Xiang} and {Y. M. Cheng} and {T. L. Chen} and {K. J. Zhang} and {Z. H. Nan} and {J. H. Ni} and {Z. Wu} and {Q. Y. Pan} and {S. Zhang} and {S. Cheng} and {M. Y. Luo}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.16659v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.16659v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-15T12:53:55Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.18890", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.18890"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_18890,
  title = {{Skill-Guided Continuation Distillation for GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Zhimin Fan} and {Hongwei Yu} and {Yeqing Shen} and {Haolong Yan} and {Guozhen Peng} and {Tianhao Peng} and {Yudong Zhang} and {Xiaowen Zhang} and {Kaijun Tan} and {Zheng Ge} and {Xiangyu Zhang} and {Daxin Jiang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.18890v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18890v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-17; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-17T10:07:51Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.20717", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.20717"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_20717,
  title = {{MIRAGE: Stealthy Visual Prompt Injection for Vulnerability Detection in Web Agents}},
  author = {{Xuelong Dai} and {Jianyu Ma} and {Boyang Ma} and {Biwei Yan} and {Yijun Yang} and {Yue Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.20717v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20717v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-16; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-15T04:29:19Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.22948", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.22948"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_22948,
  title = {{ENVS: Environment-Native Verified Search for Long-Horizon GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Yincheng Zhou} and {Athena Zhuoming Zhong} and {Shijie Zhang} and {Kevin Zhang} and {Teresa Xiaotao Shang} and {Shanghang Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.22948v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.22948v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-22; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-22T07:28:55Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.24515", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.24515"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_24515,
  title = {{Reinforcement Learning for Computer-Use Agents with Autonomous Evaluation}},
  author = {{Marta Sumyk} and {Oleksandr Kosovan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.24515v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.24515v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-23; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-23T12:46:29Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.24551", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.24551"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_24551,
  title = {{GUI vs. CLI: Execution Bottlenecks in Screen-Only and Skill-Mediated Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Xiao Zhou} and {Siyue Zhang} and {Yilun Zhao} and {Jinbiao Wei} and {Tingyu Song} and {Arman Cohan} and {Chen Zhao}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.24551v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.24551v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-22; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-22T17:05:07Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.25760", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.25760"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_25760,
  title = {{Uncertainty Quantification for Computer-Use Agents: A Benchmark across Vision-Language Models and GUI Grounding Datasets}},
  author = {{Divake Kumar} and {Sina Tayebati} and {Devashri Naik} and {Amanda Sofie Rios} and {Nilesh Ahuja} and {Omesh Tickoo} and {Ranganath Krishnan} and {Amit Ranjan Trivedi}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.25760v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.25760v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-24; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-29T20:55:51Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.31270", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.31270"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_31270,
  title = {{Learning from Failure: Inference-Time Self-Improvement for Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Xueqiao Sun} and {Xiaohan Wang} and {Ludwig Schmidt} and {Serena Yeung-Levy} and {Yuhui Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.31270v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.31270v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-30; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-30T07:44:37Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2606.31410", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2606.31410"}}
@misc{arxiv_2606_31410,
  title = {{Xiaomi-GUI-0 Technical Report}},
  author = {{Wanxia Cao} and {Chengzhen Duan} and {Pei Fu} and {Pengzhi Gao} and {Niu Lian} and {Fazhan Liu} and {Hui Liu} and {Heng Qu} and {Qinzhuo Wu} and {Zhehao Yu} and {Tongbo Chen} and {Shiqi Cui} and {Anan Du} and {Shukai Jia} and {Yuanfa Li} and {Wei Liu} and {Yike Liu} and {Wenchao Lu} and {Zhenbo Luo} and {Haoyuan Sun} and {Jiatong Sun} and {Cheng Tan} and {Yajie Wang} and {Changqiao Wu} and {Tao Xiong} and {Jiahui Yang} and {Yuxuan Yuan} and {Ruoceng Zhang} and {Shaojie Zhang} and {Jian Zhu} and {Jian Luan} and {Cong Zou}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.31410v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.31410v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-06-30; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-01T03:59:21Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.04334", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.04334"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_04334,
  title = {{Do GUI Agents Believe Their Eyes? Diagnosing State-Belief Reliance on Pixels versus Structure}},
  author = {{Guijia Zhang} and {Yuxun Chen} and {Yuheng Qi} and {Harry Yang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.04334v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.04334v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-05; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-18T16:56:38Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.05120", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.05120"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_05120,
  title = {{Agent Data Injection Attacks are Realistic Threats to AI Agents}},
  author = {{Woohyuk Choi} and {Juhee Kim} and {Taehyun Kang} and {Jihyeon Jeong} and {Luyi Xing} and {Byoungyoung Lee}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.05120v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.05120v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-06; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-06T14:07:49Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.10608", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.10608"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_10608,
  title = {{The Compliance Trap: Diagnosing How AI Agents Consume Conflicting Memory}},
  author = {{Yixiong Chen} and {Xinyi Bai} and {Alan Yuille}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.10608v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.10608v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-12; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-12T07:05:31Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.11388", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.11388"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_11388,
  title = {{StructAgent: Harness Long-horizon Digital Agents with Unified Causal Structure}},
  author = {{Wenyi Wu} and {Sibo Zhu} and {Kun Zhou} and {Aayush Salvi} and {Zixuan Song} and {Biwei Huang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.11388v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.11388v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-13; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-13T10:48:25Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.12640", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.12640"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_12640,
  title = {{A Learning-Rate-Gated Failure of GRPO in a Small Language and Vision-Language Model Web Agent: A Controlled Null and Its Mechanism}},
  author = {{Chengguang Gan} and {Zhixi Cai} and {Yunhao Liang} and {Hanjun Wei} and {Shiwen Ni} and {Qinghao Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.12640v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.12640v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-14; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-14T11:17:35Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.14443", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.14443"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_14443,
  title = {{Tactile: Giving Computer-Using Agents Hands and Feet}},
  author = {{Yong Liu} and {Zhenyi Zhong} and {Zhanpeng Shi}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.14443v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.14443v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-16; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-16T00:35:25Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.21557", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.21557"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_21557,
  title = {{OpenForgeRL: Train Harness-native Agents in Any Environment}},
  author = {{Xiao Yu} and {Baolin Peng} and {Ruize Xu} and {Hao Zou} and {Qianhui Wu} and {Hao Cheng} and {Wenlin Yao} and {Nikhil Singh} and {Zhou Yu} and {Jianfeng Gao}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.21557v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.21557v3},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-23; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-07T17:40:50Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.24167", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.24167"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_24167,
  title = {{Falsifiable Commitment Planning for Self-Correcting Web Agents}},
  author = {{Guangyi Liu} and {Huan Zhao} and {Quanming Yao}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.24167v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.24167v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-27; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-27T08:48:01Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.28367", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.28367"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_28367,
  title = {{How Benchmarks Mis-Score Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Zihan Dong} and {Zhiyuan Ma} and {Zekun Wang} and {Yunqing Li} and {Zirou Liu} and {Ruixuan Deng} and {Qishi Zhan} and {Rui Qian}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.28367v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28367v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-30; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-30T15:29:42Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.28399", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.28399"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_28399,
  title = {{Why Are GUI Agents Correct but Late? Decode on the Decision-Time Critical Path, Tested with Pre-Compiled Policy Trees}},
  author = {{Zihan Dong} and {Rui Qian} and {Qishi Zhan} and {Dongshen Peng} and {Kaixin Li} and {Yu Li}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.28399v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28399v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-30; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-30T15:50:10Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2607.28573", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2607.28573"}}
@misc{arxiv_2607_28573,
  title = {{Rethinking Inference-Time Scaling in Local Computer-Use Agents: Failure Modes and Compute Tradeoffs}},
  author = {{Woongkyu Lee} and {Jungwook Choi}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.28573v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28573v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-30; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-07-30T17:36:36Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.02643", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.02643"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_02643,
  title = {{CUADebug: Diagnosing and Repairing Computer-Use Agent Failures}},
  author = {{Weijia Zhang} and {Kunlun Zhu} and {Zeyi Liu} and {Yinting Chen} and {Tianyi Ma} and {Jiateng Liu} and {Jiaxun Zhang} and {Bingxuan Li} and {Xiangru Tang} and {Heng Ji} and {Jiaxuan You}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.02643v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.02643v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-07-31; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-06T04:43:23Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.03740", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.03740"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_03740,
  title = {{MissClick: Execution-Aware Adversarial Attacks on Coordinate Generation in GUI Grounding Models}},
  author = {{Yu Ran} and {Wentao Zhao}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.03740v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.03740v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-04; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-28T13:07:55Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.04741", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.04741"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_04741,
  title = {{LoginTrap: Uncovering Task-Agnostic Phishing-Style Indirect Prompt Injection Attacks against LLM-based Web Agents}},
  author = {{Longtao Guo} and {Zelin Zhang} and {Kaifeng Huang} and {Yang Shi}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.04741v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.04741v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-05; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-05T12:08:16Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.04755", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.04755"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_04755,
  title = {{"Allow" to Achieve, Over-Privileged Inadvertently: The Unintended Cost of Task-Completion-Driven Pop-up Decisions in Mobile GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Dongsheng Chen} and {Yuxuan Li} and {Guanhua Chen} and {Jiaxin Zhang} and {Xiangyu Zhao} and {Lei Ma} and {Xin Yao} and {Xuetao Wei}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.04755v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.04755v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-05; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-05T12:23:16Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.06171", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.06171"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_06171,
  title = {{Routing Is Least Learnable Where It Is Most Valuable: Bounds on Representation Routing for Web Agents}},
  author = {{Jiaming Wei} and {Zekun Wu} and {Adriano Koshiyama} and {Maria Perez-Ortiz}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.06171v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.06171v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-06; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-06T15:37:04Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.07775", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.07775"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_07775,
  title = {{AndroidReality: How Far Are Mobile Agents from the Real World?}},
  author = {{Xiaoou Liu} and {Longchao Da} and {Hanyang Chen} and {Yuan Ling} and {Hua Wei}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.07775v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.07775v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-07; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-07T21:47:43Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.11434", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.11434"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_11434,
  title = {{Benchmarking LLM Judges for Mobile Agent Evaluation}},
  author = {{Ziqiang Wang} and {Li Gu} and {Zhixiang Chi} and {Zhi Liu} and {Seyed Mehdi Ayyoubzadeh} and {Yuanhao Yu} and {Yang Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.11434v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.11434v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-11; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-11T21:00:46Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.12429", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.12429"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_12429,
  title = {{SynWeaver: Website-Prior Task and Trajectory Co-Synthesis for Web Agents}},
  author = {{Ruitao Wang} and {Yuwen Hao} and {Menglin Yang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.12429v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.12429v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-12; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-12T12:03:20Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.18307", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.18307"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_18307,
  title = {{ComponentBench: Diagnosing Component-Level Failures in Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Tianchen Guan} and {Xinlei Lin} and {Royce Cheng-Yue} and {Xiangjun Wang} and {Shuyan Zhou}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.18307v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.18307v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-18; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-18T20:38:26Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.24015", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.24015"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_24015,
  title = {{Reflection with Action-Induced Visual Differences for Desktop GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Yijie Ma} and {Chaoyue Niu} and {Fan Wu} and {Guihai Chen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.24015v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.24015v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-25; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-25T03:10:01Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.24099", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.24099"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_24099,
  title = {{Are Android GUI Agents Robust Against Runtime Anomalies? AnTrap: Evaluating Agents in Dynamic Adversarial Environments}},
  author = {{Guo Gan} and {Yilun Zhao} and {Cong Chen} and {Jinbiao Wei} and {Tingyu Song} and {Zheyuan Yang} and {Lin Fu} and {Hong Zhou}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.24099v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.24099v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-25; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-25T05:57:25Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.29305", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.29305"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_29305,
  title = {{Learning Simple Test-Time Environments for LLM Web Agents}},
  author = {{Junxuan Li} and {Zijun Liu} and {Ziyi Huang} and {Peng Li} and {Yuzhou Liu} and {Ming Yan} and {Yang Liu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.29305v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29305v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-29; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-29T14:45:09Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.02057", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.02057"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_02057,
  title = {{Monitoring Web Agents Without Internal Signals: Observable Trajectories and Key-Step Supervision}},
  author = {{Sitong Pan} and {Yipeng Shen} and {Yilin Lu} and {Caiwen Ding} and {Lu Cheng} and {Qianwen Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.02057v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02057v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-02; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-02T03:34:47Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.03438", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.03438"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_03438,
  title = {{Do GUI Agents Know When Not to Act? Enabling Conflict-Aware Termination for Multimodal GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Zhaoyuan Huang} and {Tianjie Ju} and {Pengzhou Cheng} and {Zheng Wu} and {Yansi Li} and {Chuanbiao Song} and {Jun Lan} and {Huijia Zhu} and {Weiqiang Wang} and {Zhuosheng Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.03438v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.03438v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-03; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-03T06:48:41Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.04850", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.04850"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_04850,
  title = {{ElderBench: Benchmarking Autonomous Mobile Agents for Older Adults}},
  author = {{Weide Zhan} and {Qumu Shaqu} and {Yuanqing Liu} and {Peng Zhang} and {Jiahao Liu} and {Kam Him Lam} and {Ning Gu} and {Zhan Hu} and {Tun Lu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.04850v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.04850v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-04; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-04T08:09:47Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.06530", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.06530"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_06530,
  title = {{Selective Knowledge Control for Continual GUI Agent Learning over Application Streams}},
  author = {{Zirui Shang} and {Xin Shu} and {Yang Liu} and {Zhi Gao} and {Xinxiao Wu} and {Lifeng Fan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.06530v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.06530v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-06; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-06T10:50:55Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.09212", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.09212"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_09212,
  title = {{AgentHijack: Visual Patch Attacks on Multimodal Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Zhihao Liu} and {Hongyu Sun} and {Zhiyuan Fu} and {Xiaonan Duan} and {Jice Wang} and {Shangru Zhao} and {Weizhi Meng} and {Wuxin Yang} and {Yangfan Zhou} and {Yuqing Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.09212v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.09212v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-06; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-06T03:49:45Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.15307", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.15307"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_15307,
  title = {{Learning from Reliable Negatives: Confidence-Anchored Test-Time Adaptation for GUI Grounding}},
  author = {{Yizhou Liu} and {Fei Tang} and {Yuchen Yan} and {Zhengxi Lu} and {Songqin Nong} and {Tao Jiang} and {Wenhao Xu} and {Wenqi Zhang} and {Weiming Lu} and {Jun Xiao} and {Yongliang Shen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.15307v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.15307v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-14; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-14T09:56:10Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.16635", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.16635"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_16635,
  title = {{EchoPath: Execution-Level Replayable Memory for GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Yao Zhao} and {Aditya Shanmugham} and {Swastik Roy} and {Yanxun Xu}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.16635v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16635v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-15T04:56:17Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.16732", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.16732"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_16732,
  title = {{When Agents See Differently: Exposing UI Desynchronization Threats in Mobile Agents}},
  author = {{Heng Li} and {Fulin Zhao} and {Zhe Geng} and {Zhiyuan Yao} and {Wei Yuan} and {Xiapu Luo}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.16732v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16732v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-15T07:02:10Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.17653", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.17653"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_17653,
  title = {{Reflect, Revise, Reuse: Training-Free Skill Evolution for GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Bofan Chen} and {Boxuan Zhang} and {Fei Tang} and {Zhengxi Lu} and {Yong Du} and {Tongbo Chen} and {Weiming Lu} and {Jun Xiao} and {Yueting Zhuang} and {Yongliang Shen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.17653v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17653v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-15T17:24:06Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.17885", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.17885"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_17885,
  title = {{ERPBench: A State-Grounded Evaluation Paradigm for Computer-Use Agents in Enterprise Software}},
  author = {{Kratika Bhagtani} and {Kusha Sridhar} and {Maziyar Baran Pouyan} and {Yuying Zhao} and {Eugene Siow}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.17885v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17885v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-15; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-23T01:31:01Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.19843", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.19843"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_19843,
  title = {{A Dual-Process Perspective on Nudge Susceptibility in LLM-Based GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Haya Halimeh} and {Sascha Kaltenpoth} and {Kevin Bösch} and {Oliver Müller}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.19843v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19843v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-17; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-17T07:54:15Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.24277", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.24277"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_24277,
  title = {{How Many Pixels Is a Digit Worth? Place-Aware Coordinate Entropy for GUI Agent Confidence Estimation}},
  author = {{Yunxiang Li} and {Xixin Wu} and {Helen Meng}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.24277v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24277v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-21; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-21T08:42:08Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.27273", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.27273"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_27273,
  title = {{CAVEAT: Towards Robust Computer-Use Agents in Incentive-Misaligned Environments}},
  author = {{Yuxuan Li} and {Will Epperson} and {Wesley Deng} and {Zezhou Huang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.27273v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.27273v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-23; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-27T20:49:01Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.32036", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.32036"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_32036,
  title = {{ScreenHaystack: Finding Blind Zones in GUI Grounding}},
  author = {{Chenyue Li} and {Xiaoxiao Sun} and {Yubo Deng} and {Qinlin Zhao} and {Serena Yeung-Levy} and {Yuhui Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.32036v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.32036v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-25; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-25T22:07:29Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.32130", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.32130"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_32130,
  title = {{REBASE: Device-Cloud Experience Coherence for GUI Agents Across App Updates}},
  author = {{Beining Wu} and {Jun Huang} and {Yanxiao Zhao}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.32130v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.32130v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-26; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-26T01:13:44Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.34113", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.34113"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_34113,
  title = {{GUITAR: Structured Failure Diagnosis of GUI Agents via State Transitions}},
  author = {{Shaoqing Zhang} and {Kehai Chen} and {Xuefeng Bai} and {Zhuosheng Zhang} and {Pengfei Zhang} and {Yang Xiang} and {Min Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.34113v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34113v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-28; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-29T09:05:42Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.34139", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.34139"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_34139,
  title = {{Same Tasks, Different Apps: Why Mobile GUI Agents Fail to Generalize?}},
  author = {{Tien Tran} and {Namho Koh} and {Daiki E. Matsunaga} and {Ayush Jain} and {Kee Eung Kim}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.34139v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34139v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-28; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-28T02:21:13Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.34321", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.34321"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_34321,
  title = {{One Rollout Is All You Get: Fully Test-Time Adaptation for GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Ziqiang Wang} and {Li Gu} and {Zhixiang Chi} and {Linlian Jiang} and {Zihuan Jiang} and {Linqiang Guo} and {Siobhan Reid} and {Zhi Liu} and {Yang Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.34321v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34321v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-28; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-28T05:00:45Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.34974", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.34974"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_34974,
  title = {{Before Acting, Change the State: Prospective State Intervention for Web Agents under Deceptive Interfaces}},
  author = {{Ruozhao Yang} and {Mingfei Cheng} and {Xiaofei Xie}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.34974v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34974v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-28; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-28T11:53:24Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.35026", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.35026"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_35026,
  title = {{WebPageBench: Event-Level Verification and Controlled UI-Variant Generation for Web Agents}},
  author = {{Anton Emelyanov} and {Maria Tikhonova} and {Zaven Martirosian} and {Sergei Averkiev} and {Alena Fenogenova}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.35026v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.35026v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-28; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-28T12:24:23Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.35814", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.35814"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_35814,
  title = {{Constructing Challenging Browser-Use Tasks by Controlled Environment Interventions}},
  author = {{Xunjian Yin} and {Tianchen Guan} and {Jinao Wang} and {Weili Cao} and {Daisy Xinlei Lin} and {Royce Cheng-Yue} and {Keagan Long} and {Kyle Wong} and {Bhuwan Dhingra} and {Xiangjun Wang} and {Shuyan Zhou}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.35814v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.35814v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-20; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-20T16:16:23Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.35904", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.35904"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_35904,
  title = {{Structured Interaction, Visual Localization, and Robust Execution for Complex Web Tasks: A Technical Report on the WebRetriever Challenge}},
  author = {{Ziqi Zhang} and {Shaohui Li} and {Bing Li}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.35904v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.35904v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-28; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-28T04:02:07Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.36923", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.36923"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_36923,
  title = {{PrecogUI: Proactive GUI Agents via Pre-cognitive Simulation and Experience Retrieval}},
  author = {{Bin Kang} and {Jiarui Ouyang} and {Li Jiang} and {Bin Chen} and {Zhuotao Tian}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.36923v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.36923v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-29; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-29T07:41:34Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.37176", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.37176"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_37176,
  title = {{Absorbed in Inertia: Activation Analysis for Computer-Use Agents}},
  author = {{Giulio Segalini} and {Zhi Wen Soi} and {Jérémie Decouchant} and {Lydia Chen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.37176v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.37176v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-29; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-29T10:01:52Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.38184", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.38184"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_38184,
  title = {{RealGUINoise: An Interactive Cross-Platform Benchmark for GUI Agent Robustness under Real-World Interface Noise}},
  author = {{Yongjiang Wu} and {Junyuan Zhang} and {Ada Chen} and {Kuiyi Gao} and {Wenxuan Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.38184v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.38184v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-07; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-08-07T07:51:13Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.38867", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.38867"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_38867,
  title = {{Talk2Agent: Benchmarking Voice Interfaces for Text Agents}},
  author = {{Terumi Chiba} and {Guangzhi Sun} and {Zheqi Yuan} and {Chao Zhang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.38867v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.38867v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-30; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-30T03:19:25Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.39547", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.39547"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_39547,
  title = {{Learning Reliable GUI Agents under Imperfect Priors}},
  author = {{Bo Han} and {Qianyi Wang} and {Shuai Liu} and {Xiong Zifan} and {Changqiao Wu} and {Yuanfa Li} and {Pengzhi Gao} and {Wei Liu} and {Jian Luan} and {Heng Qu} and {Yunpeng Song} and {Zhongmin Cai}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.39547v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.39547v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-30; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-30T11:45:51Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.00948", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.00948"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_00948,
  title = {{GUI-HARVEST: Self-Improving GUI Agents through Evidence-Driven Harness Evolution}},
  author = {{Geyi Yang} and {Zikun Qu} and {Xiang Li} and {Zhiyong Wang} and {Min Zhang} and {Shipei Zeng} and {Zhongxiang Dai}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.00948v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.00948v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-01; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-01T02:31:20Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.03036", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.03036"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_03036,
  title = {{WebFovea: When the Model Is Right but the Click Is Wrong -- Reliable Round Trips for Vision-Based Web Agents on Live Websites}},
  author = {{Jiangang Han}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.03036v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.03036v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-02; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-07T13:46:51Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.07444", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.07444"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_07444,
  title = {{Decoupling What from Where: How Should a Small GUI Grounding Model Receive the Action Type?}},
  author = {{Aadi Chauhan} and {Arthur Ilyasov}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.07444v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07444v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-05; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-05T21:50:50Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.07972", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.07972"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_07972,
  title = {{Can Agents Work for Everyone? Cross-User Reliability for Mobile GUI Agents in Personalized User Interfaces}},
  author = {{Yeji Park} and {Jaeyun Shim} and {Taesik Gong}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.07972v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07972v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-06; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-06T08:38:30Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.12823", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.12823"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_12823,
  title = {{When Charts Deceive Web Agents: A Paired Benchmark for Misleading Visualization-Grounded Tasks}},
  author = {{Yisheng Li} and {Dongming Han} and {Hongkun Pan} and {Bingcheng Mao} and {Zijian Wang} and {Yunlong Mao} and {Wei Tong} and {Sheng Zhong}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.12823v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.12823v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-09; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-09T00:03:13Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.13268", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.13268"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_13268,
  title = {{ConClick: Element-Wise Contrastive Learning Improves GUI Grounding}},
  author = {{Ruotian Zhang} and {Yuhui Zhang} and {Junzhe Huang} and {Yu Xin} and {Hehe Fan} and {Xiaoxiao Sun}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.13268v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.13268v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-09; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-09T09:20:02Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.17792", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.17792"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_17792,
  title = {{MHVF: Training-Free GUI Grounding via Verification-Guided Multi-Hypothesis Search}},
  author = {{Minghua Chen} and {Xingming Liao} and {Weiqiang Zhong} and {Zhuowei Wang}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.17792v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.17792v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-13; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-13T06:20:38Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.19128", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.19128"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_19128,
  title = {{CLASHarness: Benchmarking Multi-Agent Conflict in Computer Use via a Controllable and Verifiable Generation Pipeline}},
  author = {{Yuxiang Lai} and {Jike Zhong} and {Chengzhi Liu} and {Ming Li} and {Haonan Wang} and {Xiaofeng Yang} and {Liang Zhao} and {Youbao Tang} and {Ruixi Fan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.19128v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19128v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-13; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-13T20:01:18Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.19900", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.19900"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_19900,
  title = {{How GUI Agents Fail: GraceBench for Execution Stability Diagnosis}},
  author = {{Ridong Zhang} and {Shuxian Liang} and {Chaoqun Wan} and {Zhen Huang} and {Xian-Sheng Hua}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.19900v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19900v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-14; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-14T09:58:40Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.22539", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.22539"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_22539,
  title = {{Don't Retrain, Remix: Adaptation of Web Agents using Mixture Hypernetworks}},
  author = {{Md Farhan Ishmam} and {Minh Pham Dinh} and {Kenneth Marino}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.22539v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.22539v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-15T18:37:41Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.26503", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.26503"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_26503,
  title = {{ScopeMem: Latent Memory That Learns Where to Revise Frozen GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Zhicheng Zheng} and {Cheng Zhang} and {Shengping Yu} and {Tianxiang Zhao}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.26503v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.26503v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-19; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-19T14:38:41Z.}
}

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@inproceedings{cua_07942b5af1a8c0ffa9c7322a,
  title = {{Ringer: Web Automation by Demonstration}},
  author = {{Shaon Barman} and {Sarah Chasins} and {Ras Bodik} and {Sumit Gulwani}},
  year = {2016},
  month = nov,
  booktitle = {OOPSLA 2016},
  doi = {10.1145/2983990.2984020},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/2983990.2984020},
  note = {Publication date: 2016-11.}
}

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@inproceedings{cua_a6fbf231c6d3a11f67403503,
  title = {{GUI-SAGE: Enhancing GUI Automation with Self-Explanatory Learning}},
  author = {{Fei Tang} and {Zhangxuan Gu} and {Zhengxi Lu} and {Shangzhan Zhang} and {Zhengwen Zeng} and {Shuheng Shen} and {Changhua Meng} and {Yuchen Yan} and {Wenqi Zhang} and {Yongliang Shen} and {Weiming Lu} and {Yueting Zhuang}},
  year = {2026},
  month = jun,
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)},
  pages = {13007-13016},
  url = {https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/CVPR2026/html/Tang\_GUI-SAGE\_Enhancing\_GUI\_Automation\_with\_Self-Explanatory\_Learning\_CVPR\_2026\_paper.html},
  note = {Publication date: 2026-06.}
}