% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2402.10196", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2402.10196"}}
@misc{arxiv_2402_10196,
  title = {{A Trembling House of Cards? Mapping Adversarial Attacks against Language Agents}},
  author = {{Lingbo Mo} and {Zeyi Liao} and {Boyuan Zheng} and {Yu Su} and {Chaowei Xiao} and {Huan Sun}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2402.10196v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.10196v1},
  note = {First published: 2024-02-15; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2024-02-15T18:51:32Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2411.02006", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2411.02006"}}
@misc{arxiv_2411_02006,
  title = {{Foundations and Recent Trends in Multimodal Mobile Agents: A Survey}},
  author = {{Biao Wu} and {Yanda Li} and {Zhiwei Zhang} and {Yunchao Wei} and {Meng Fang} and {Ling Chen}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2411.02006v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.02006v3},
  note = {First published: 2024-11-04; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-09-14T09:13:39Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2411.04890", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2411.04890"}}
@misc{arxiv_2411_04890,
  title = {{GUI Agents with Foundation Models: A Comprehensive Survey}},
  author = {{Shuai Wang} and {Weiwen Liu} and {Jingxuan Chen} and {Yuqi Zhou} and {Weinan Gan} and {Xingshan Zeng} and {Yuhan Che} and {Shuai Yu} and {Xinlong Hao} and {Kun Shao} and {Bin Wang} and {Chuhan Wu} and {Yasheng Wang} and {Ruiming Tang} and {Jianye Hao}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2411.04890v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04890v2},
  note = {First published: 2024-11-07; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-02-13T10:09:37Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2411.10943", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2411.10943"}}
@misc{arxiv_2411_10943,
  title = {{Generalist Virtual Agents: A Survey on Autonomous Agents Across Digital Platforms}},
  author = {{Minghe Gao} and {Wendong Bu} and {Bingchen Miao} and {Yang Wu} and {Yunfei Li} and {Juncheng Li} and {Siliang Tang} and {Qi Wu} and {Yueting Zhuang} and {Meng Wang}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2411.10943v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.10943v1},
  note = {First published: 2024-11-17; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2024-11-17T02:44:56Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2411.18279", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2411.18279"}}
@misc{arxiv_2411_18279,
  title = {{Large Language Model-Brained GUI Agents: A Survey}},
  author = {{Chaoyun Zhang} and {Shilin He} and {Jiaxu Qian} and {Bowen Li} and {Liqun Li} and {Si Qin} and {Yu Kang} and {Minghua Ma} and {Guyue Liu} and {Qingwei Lin} and {Saravan Rajmohan} and {Dongmei Zhang} and {Qi Zhang}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2411.18279v12},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.18279v12},
  note = {First published: 2024-11-27; Recorded arXiv version: v12; Recorded version updated: 2025-05-06T15:08:00Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2412.13501", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2412.13501"}}
@misc{arxiv_2412_13501,
  title = {{GUI Agents: A Survey}},
  author = {{Dang Nguyen} and {Jian Chen} and {Yu Wang} and {Gang Wu} and {Namyong Park} and {Zhengmian Hu} and {Hanjia Lyu} and {Junda Wu} and {Ryan Aponte} and {Yu Xia} and {Xintong Li} and {Jing Shi} and {Hongjie Chen} and {Viet Dac Lai} and {Zhouhang Xie} and {Sungchul Kim} and {Ruiyi Zhang} and {Tong Yu} and {Mehrab Tanjim} and {Nesreen K. Ahmed} and {Puneet Mathur} and {Seunghyun Yoon} and {Lina Yao} and {Branislav Kveton} and {Jihyung Kil} and {Thien Huu Nguyen} and {Trung Bui} and {Tianyi Zhou} and {Ryan A. Rossi} and {Franck Dernoncourt}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2412.13501v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.13501v3},
  note = {First published: 2024-12-18; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-09-26T21:01:59Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2501.16150", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2501.16150"}}
@misc{arxiv_2501_16150,
  title = {{A Comprehensive Survey of Agents for Computer Use: Foundations, Challenges, and Future Directions}},
  author = {{Pascal J. Sager} and {Benjamin Meyer} and {Peng Yan} and {Rebekka von Wartburg-Kottler} and {Layan Etaiwi} and {Aref Enayati} and {Gabriel Nobel} and {Ahmed Abdulkadir} and {Benjamin F. Grewe} and {Thilo Stadelmann}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2501.16150v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.16150v3},
  note = {First published: 2025-01-27; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-03-27T07:41:10Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2503.11069", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2503.11069"}}
@misc{arxiv_2503_11069,
  title = {{API Agents vs. GUI Agents: Divergence and Convergence}},
  author = {{Chaoyun Zhang} and {Shilin He} and {Liqun Li} and {Si Qin} and {Yu Kang} and {Qingwei Lin} and {Saravan Rajmohan} and {Dongmei Zhang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2503.11069v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.11069v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-03-14; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-06-23T13:01:02Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2503.23350", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2503.23350"}}
@misc{arxiv_2503_23350,
  title = {{A Survey of WebAgents: Towards Next-Generation AI Agents for Web Automation with Large Foundation Models}},
  author = {{Liangbo Ning} and {Ziran Liang} and {Zhuohang Jiang} and {Haohao Qu} and {Yujuan Ding} and {Wenqi Fan} and {Xiao-yong Wei} and {Shanru Lin} and {Hui Liu} and {Philip S. Yu} and {Qing Li}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2503.23350v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.23350v4},
  note = {First published: 2025-03-30; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2025-08-05T11:47:41Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2503.23434", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2503.23434"}}
@misc{arxiv_2503_23434,
  title = {{Towards Trustworthy GUI Agents: A Survey}},
  author = {{Yucheng Shi} and {Wenhao Yu} and {Jingyuan Huang} and {Wenlin Yao} and {Wenhu Chen} and {Ninghao Liu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2503.23434v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.23434v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-03-30; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-02-24T05:24:23Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2504.13865", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2504.13865"}}
@misc{arxiv_2504_13865,
  title = {{A Survey on (M)LLM-Based GUI Agents}},
  author = {{Fei Tang} and {Haolei Xu} and {Hang Zhang} and {Siqi Chen} and {Xingyu Wu} and {Yongliang Shen} and {Wenqi Zhang} and {Guiyang Hou} and {Zeqi Tan} and {Yuchen Yan} and {Kaitao Song} and {Jian Shao} and {Weiming Lu} and {Jun Xiao} and {Yueting Zhuang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.13865v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.13865v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-03-27; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-06-04T17:29:13Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2504.19838", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2504.19838"}}
@misc{arxiv_2504_19838,
  title = {{LLM-Powered GUI Agents in Phone Automation: Surveying Progress and Prospects}},
  author = {{Guangyi Liu} and {Pengxiang Zhao} and {Yaozhen Liang} and {Liang Liu} and {Yaxuan Guo} and {Han Xiao} and {Weifeng Lin} and {Yuxiang Chai} and {Yue Han} and {Shuai Ren} and {Hao Wang} and {Xiaoyu Liang} and {WenHao Wang} and {Tianze Wu} and {Zhengxi Lu} and {Siheng Chen} and {LiLinghao} and {Hao Wang} and {Guanjing Xiong} and {Yong Liu} and {Hongsheng Li}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.19838v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.19838v3},
  note = {First published: 2025-04-28; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2025-11-17T15:51:58Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2504.20464", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2504.20464"}}
@misc{arxiv_2504_20464,
  title = {{A Survey on GUI Agents with Foundation Models Enhanced by Reinforcement Learning}},
  author = {{Jiahao Li} and {Kaer Huang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.20464v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20464v2},
  note = {First published: 2025-04-29; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2025-05-13T01:59:29Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2505.10924", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2505.10924"}}
@misc{arxiv_2505_10924,
  title = {{A Survey on the Safety and Security Threats of Computer-Using Agents: JARVIS or Ultron?}},
  author = {{Ada Chen} and {Yongjiang Wu} and {Junyuan Zhang} and {Jingyu Xiao} and {Shu Yang} and {Jen-tse Huang} and {Kun Wang} and {Wenxuan Wang} and {Shuai Wang}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.10924v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.10924v4},
  note = {First published: 2025-05-16; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2026-04-29T05:56:22Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2508.04482", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2508.04482"}}
@misc{arxiv_2508_04482,
  title = {{OS Agents: A Survey on MLLM-based Agents for General Computing Devices Use}},
  author = {{Xueyu Hu} and {Tao Xiong} and {Biao Yi} and {Zishu Wei} and {Ruixuan Xiao} and {Yurun Chen} and {Jiasheng Ye} and {Meiling Tao} and {Xiangxin Zhou} and {Ziyu Zhao} and {Yuhuai Li} and {Shengze Xu} and {Shenzhi Wang} and {Xinchen Xu} and {Shuofei Qiao} and {Zhaokai Wang} and {Kun Kuang} and {Tieyong Zeng} and {Liang Wang} and {Jiwei Li} and {Yuchen Eleanor Jiang} and {Wangchunshu Zhou} and {Guoyin Wang} and {Keting Yin} and {Zhou Zhao} and {Hongxia Yang} and {Fan Wu} and {Shengyu Zhang} and {Fei Wu}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2508.04482v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04482v1},
  note = {First published: 2025-08-06; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2025-08-06T14:33:45Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2602.12430", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2602.12430"}}
@misc{arxiv_2602_12430,
  title = {{Agent Skills for Large Language Models: Architecture, Acquisition, Security, and the Path Forward}},
  author = {{Renjun Xu} and {Yang Yan}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.12430v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.12430v4},
  note = {First published: 2026-02-12; Recorded arXiv version: v4; Recorded version updated: 2026-06-02T16:14:54Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2604.16548", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2604.16548"}}
@misc{arxiv_2604_16548,
  title = {{A Survey on Long-Term Memory Security in LLM Agents: Attacks, Defenses, and Governance Across the Memory Lifecycle}},
  author = {{Zehao Lin} and {Xixuan Hao} and {Renyu Fu} and {Shaobo Cui} and {Kai Chen} and {Chunyu Li} and {Zhiyu Li} and {Feiyu Xiong}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.16548v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.16548v3},
  note = {First published: 2026-04-17; Recorded arXiv version: v3; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-22T07:33:24Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2608.29596", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2608.29596"}}
@misc{arxiv_2608_29596,
  title = {{A Systematic Survey of Agentic Skills: Architecture, Lifecycle, and Security}},
  author = {{Sanket Badhe} and {Deep Shah} and {Priyanka Tiwari} and {Nehal Kathrotia}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.29596v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29596v2},
  note = {First published: 2026-08-30; Recorded arXiv version: v2; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-28T17:25:01Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2609.02309", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "core", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2609.02309"}}
@misc{arxiv_2609_02309,
  title = {{Efficient GUI Agents: A Systems Survey of Observation, Memory, Action, and Runtime Optimization}},
  author = {{Bizhe Bai} and {Jiakang Yuan} and {Hongming Wu} and {Xinyue Wang} and {Jie Ren} and {Siyao Chen} and {Yuchen Ya} and {Fan Bai} and {Pai Peng} and {Huafeng Qin} and {Tao Chen}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.02309v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02309v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-09-02; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-09-02T08:54:58Z.}
}

% AwesomeCUA: {"catalog_id": "arxiv:2610.19366", "catalog_review_status": "curated", "catalog_scope": "adjacent", "identifiers": {"arxiv": "2610.19366"}}
@misc{arxiv_2610_19366,
  title = {{Seeing, Maintaining, and Learning: The Evolution of Multimodal Agent Memory}},
  author = {{Minghao Guo} and {Qingyue Jiao} and {Xiujin Liu} and {Jianhong Pang} and {Ruimeng Yang} and {Naihao Xu} and {Liwei Che} and {Haochen Xue} and {Ziqi Wang} and {Xinying Cai} and {Jiaxuan Luo} and {Jiaxin Deng} and {Xuesong Ye} and {Jintao Qu} and {Wenyao Gao} and {Jingwen Gu} and {Chenyang Zhao} and {Shichun Liu} and {Guibin Zhang} and {Zefang Liu} and {Siyin Wang} and {Wujiang Xu} and {Danrui Li} and {Zeru Shi} and {Woongyeong Yeo} and {Shuang Liu} and {Wei-Chieh Huang} and {Weizhi Zhang} and {Tianyu Yang} and {Kangsan Kim} and {Yebowen Hu} and {Bowen Wen} and {Bowen Jiang} and {Haohao Su} and {Ming Yin} and {Sheldon Yu} and {Mian Zhang} and {Yuyan Chen} and {Hanrong Zhang} and {Kai Mei} and {Zihao Zhang} and {Mingyu Jin} and {Xi Zhu} and {Hengyi Wang} and {Tianxin Wei} and {Linyong Nan} and {Zhenwen Liang} and {Zhendong Chu} and {Ziqi Huang} and {Yongye Su} and {Sixun Dong} and {Shujian Liu} and {Kaiqu Liang} and {Jiaojiao Han} and {Zhaoye Fei} and {Kun Wang} and {Shihan Dou} and {Zhichun Guo} and {Xingjian Diao} and {Zeqi Gu} and {Heng Wang} and {Tao Feng} and {Cheng Qian} and {Hamid Palangi} and {Silei Xu} and {Xi Yun} and {Yi Zhu} and {Shilong Liu} and {Qingsong Wen} and {Sung Ju Hwang} and {Zuxuan Wu} and {Yu-Gang Jiang} and {Yiyu Shi} and {Dimitris N. Metaxas} and {Jiaxuan You} and {Julian McAuley} and {Mengdi Wang} and {Jiawei Han} and {Philip S. Yu} and {Ziyi Ye}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.19366v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19366v1},
  note = {First published: 2026-10-14; Recorded arXiv version: v1; Recorded version updated: 2026-10-14T01:11:57Z.}
}